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Evans, Peter. Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1995.
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In recent years, debate on the state's economic role has too often devolved into
diatribes against intervention. Peter Evans questions such simplistic views, offering
a new vision of why state involvement works in some cases and produces disasters
in others. To illustrate, he looks at how state agencies, local entrepreneurs, and
transnational corporations shaped the emergence of computer industries in Brazil,
India, and Korea during the seventies and eighties.
Evans starts with the idea that states vary in the way they are organized and tied
to society. In some nations, like Zaire, the state is predatory, ruthlessly extracting
and providing nothing of value in return. In others, like Korea, it is developmental,
promoting industrial transformation. In still others, like Brazil and India, it is
in-between, sometimes helping, sometimes hindering. Evans's years of comparative
research on the successes and failures of state involvement in the process of industrialization
have here been Grafted into a persuasive and entertaining work, which demonstrates
that successful state action requires an understanding of its own limits, a realistic
relationship to the global economy, and the combination of coherent internal organization
and close links to society that Evans calls "embedded autonomy."
"Among the many studies of the state's role in promoting social and economic progress,
Peter Evans's new book stands out for its theoretical and historical depth, for its
wealth of institutional and technical data, and above all for its ability to recognize
and acknowledge complexity. Between the polar opposites of the 'developmental' and
the 'predatory' state, Evans inserts a rich variety of intermediate and frequently
shifting configurations. In a masterful survey of the computer industries in Brazil,
India, and Korea, he convinces the reader that the more successful policies have
resulted from implausible and surprising institutional innovations that were far
removed from available ideological recipes. A major and mature accomplishment."
Albert
O. Hirschman, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton
"What kinds of state structure facilitate industrial transformation? To answer this
apparently simple question, Evans takes us on a tour d'horizon of state theory, bureaucratic
theory, and development theory, then on to a close-up look at the computer industry
in Korea, Brazil, and India. His answer combines big theory with a grasp of the texture
of particular societies, organizations, and individuals. A blockbuster, in every
sense."
Robert
Wade, Institute of Development Studies, Sussex University
"A major accomplishment. Evans interprets the state's role in economic development
on the basis of solid empirical research and an innovative framework that 'brings
the state back in' while keeping it at bay from interest groups."
Alice
H. Amsden, Ellen Swallow Richards Hrofessor of Political Economy, MIT
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